2021年广东学位英语阅读理解考前必刷题（三）

        Passage Two

        During his life, J.S. Bach was not as popular as Beethoven and Mozart during their lifetimes. His music was considered hard to understand and even harder to play. Although Bach wrote more than 1,000 pieces of music, very few were published while he was alive. An employer originally rejected one of Bach's most famous works, the Brandenburg Concertos. Bach composed the piece in 1721 as part of a job application. He never even got a response，let alone the job he wanted. More than 100 years later，the piece was finally published. Today，you can hear orchestras all over the world playing Bach's Brandenburg Concertos，which offers just one example of how public opinion of Bach has changed. Now the composer is considered one of the most brilliant minds of Western Civilization.

        Bach's music is very complex. During his lifetime no one could imitate him. Instead of writing just one melody（旋律）into his music，he often used two. The two melody lines are kept separate throughout the music，like two voices having a conversation. But they are also precise，like a mathematical equation set to sound. To the skilled listener，Bach's complexity adds endless depth. Bach studied hard and expected his students to do the same. He once said，“I was obliged to be hard-working；whoever is equally hard-working will succeed equally well." Bach was a very patient and kind teacher.

        Bach combined the notes from different instruments in a new way. More than anything，he wants to invent. He was always experimenting with new patterns of music. He did not worry that others did not like his music. He just said，“If you cannot please all by your art or your work，satisfy the few. To please many is bad." Bach had a great influence on many of the composers who came after him.

        1. Which of the following is NOT true of Bach's Brandenburg Concertos?

        A. It is an example of how public opinion of Bach has changed.

        B. It is a part of an application for a job Bach never got.

        C. It is one of his most famous works.

        D. It is impossible to play and enjoy.

        2. The author uses the example of "two melodies"(Para.2) to    .

        A. show how deep and complex his music is

        B. explain why people today enjoy his music

        C. illustrate why Bach was a good music teacher

        D. teach readers how to combine two songs

        3. The phrase "experimenting with"(Para.3) is closest in meaning to"    ".

        A. following up

        B. trying out

        C. measuring

        D. changing

        4. What Bach says in paragraph 3 shows    .

        A. he was a rigid teacher to his students

        B. he did not care about his popularity

        C. what inspired him to write his music

        D. why artists should please most people

        5. This passage is mainly about    .

        A. Bach's music and how he is remembered

        B. Bach's life and how he composed music

        C. how Bach taught his students

        D. why people like Bach's music

        【参考译文】

        在巴赫的一生中，他不像贝多芬和莫扎特在有生之年那么受欢迎。人们认为他的曲子很难理解，甚至很难演奏。虽然巴赫写了1000多首曲子，但在他生前公开发行的却寥寥无几。一位雇主一开始就拒绝了巴赫最著名的作品之一——《勃兰登堡协奏曲》。巴赫在1721年创作了这首曲子，用来求职。但是他甚至没有得到任何回复，更别提他想要的那份工作了。100多年后，这首曲子终于发行了。如今，你可以听到世界各地的管弦乐团都在演奏巴赫的《勃兰登堡协奏曲》，这只是公众对巴赫的看法是如何改变的一个例子罢了。现在，巴赫被认为是西方文明中最杰出的天才之一。

        巴赫的乐曲很复杂。在他有生之年，没有人能模仿他。他在自己的曲子中经常用两种旋律，而非一种。这两条旋律线在整个乐曲中是分开的，就像两个声音在对话。但它们听起来都很精确，就像数学方程组一样。对于专业的听众来说，巴赫乐曲的复杂性给乐曲本身增加了无尽的深度。巴赫努力钻研，并希望他的学生也能这样做。他曾经说过：“我必须得努力，只要是和我一样努力的人，就会取得和我同样好的成就。”巴赫是一位非常有耐心、和蔼的老师。

        巴赫以一种新的方式将不同乐器的音符组合起来。最重要的是，他想要创新。他总是在尝试新的音乐模式，他不担心别人不喜欢他的音乐。他说：“如果你的艺术或作品不能取悦所有人，那你就满足一小部分人。取悦大众的并不一定是好的。”巴赫对许多追随他的作曲家都产生了很大的影响。

        1.【解析】D 细节题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句可知，如今世界各地的管弦乐团都在演奏巴赫的《勃兰登堡协奏曲》，这是公众对巴赫的看法是如何改变的一个例子，选项A（它是人们如何改变对巴赫看法的一个例子）与题干所问不符，故排除。根据文章第一段第五句和第六句可知，巴赫在1721年创作了《勃兰登堡协奏曲》，用来求职，但是他没有得到任何回复，也没有得到他想要的那份工作，选项B（它是巴赫没得到的那份工作的申请的一部分）与题干所问不符，故排除。根据文章第一段第四句可知，一位雇主一开始就拒绝了巴赫最著名的作品之一——《勃兰登堡协奏曲》，选项C（它是巴赫最著名的作品之一）与题干所问不符，故排除。根据文章第一段第二句可知，人们认为巴赫的音乐很难理解，甚至很难演奏，但并没有说《勃兰登堡协奏曲》不可能被演奏和欣赏，选项D（它不能被演奏和欣赏）与原文内容不符，故答案为D。

        2.【解析】A 推理题。根据文章第二段第一句可知，巴赫的乐曲很复杂。紧接着，文章开始用“两个旋律”的例子来对此进行说明。同时，根据第二段第六句的内容可知，巴赫乐曲的复杂性给乐曲本身增加了无尽的深度。由此可知，巴赫的乐曲既复杂又有深度，故答案为A。选项B（解释了当今人们为什么喜欢他的音乐）、选项C（举例说明了巴赫为什么是一名优秀的音乐教师）和选项D（教读者如何将两首曲子结合起来）均不是该例子所要表达的内容，故排除。

        3.【解析】B 语义题。根据文章第三段第二句可知，巴赫想要创新。由此可推断出，巴赫总是尝试一些新的音乐模式。因此experimenting with的意思应为“尝试”，故答案为B。选项A（追查，跟踪）、选项C（测量）和选项D（改变）均与experimenting with的意思不符，故排除。

        4.【解析】B 推理题。根据文章第三段第四句、第五句和第六句可知，巴赫不担心别人不喜欢他的音乐，而且他觉得如果自己的艺术或作品不能取悦所有人，那就满足一小部分人，取悦大众的并不一定是好的。由此可推断出，巴赫不在乎自己是否受欢迎，故答案为B。选项A（他是一位对学生严格的老师）、选项C（是什么启发了他创作曲子）和选项D（为什么艺术家应该取悦大多数人）原文均未提及，故排除。

        5.【解析】A 主旨题。本文主要讲述了巴赫及其音乐，巴赫对后来的作曲家的影响，以及人们对巴赫及其乐曲的看法和评价，故答案为A。选项B（巴赫的一生以及他是如何创作乐曲的）原文并没有具体说明，故排除。选项C（巴赫是如何教学生的）原文未提及，文章第二段最后一句只是提到巴赫是一位非常有耐心、和蔼的老师，故排除。选项D（为什么人们喜欢巴赫的音乐）原文也未提及，故排除。